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Heart disease patients benefit from high intensity training

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High-intensity exercise has been demonstrated to be protective against coronary heart disease (CHD) and is widely recognized as a popular and time-saving method of getting fit. But what about folks who have already been diagnosed with heart disease? Previously, these individuals were advised to exercise moderately to preserve their hearts. However, experts have lately discovered that high-intensity exercise is really useful for these people. But just how intensive should these workouts be?

This subject is examined in depth in a new research from the K. G. Jebsen - Center of Exercise in Medicine at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim, Norway. The researchers examined data from four randomized, controlled studies done at the center to establish what characteristics constituted the most successful high-intensity training program for this patient group.

The fitness program lasted 12 weeks. The participants followed the 4x4 workout paradigm and either ran/walked on a treadmill, walked uphill outdoors, or trained in a group. The 4x4 exercise paradigm consists of four minutes of high-intensity exercise followed by three minutes of moderate-intensity exercise.

"When we examined VO2max before and after the training period, we discovered that the number of training sessions, the subject's age, or baseline fitness levels had no influence," says Trine Moholdt, the study's principal author and a postdoctoral researcher at the center. "However, the interval intensity had a considerable influence and appears to be the most crucial component of an efficient interval session."

The dosing-response connection

The exercise intensity was classified based on the participant's heart rate zone (% of maximum heart rate (HRmax)). High-intensity training occurs when a person's heart rate during intense periods is 85-95% of HRmax.

Overall, following an average of 23.4 training sessions over a 12-week period, VO2max improved by 11.9% for all individuals.

However, when individuals exercised at an intensity greater than 92% of their HRmax during the high-intensity periods, the impact was even stronger than when they exercised at lower intensity levels, demonstrating that a dose-response connection exists even in the 85-95% high-intensity zone.

Practical concerns


According to Moholdt, people who begin exercising with interval training frequently have a lot of practical questions. How steep of an inclination should their treadmill have? Can they reduce their low-intensity time to 2 minutes? Why four minutes rather than five?

"Knowing that pushing yourself to over 90% of HRmax may spare you from having to do an extra training session that week drives us to look into even the smallest things," adds Moholdt.

"When individuals prioritize exercise in their otherwise hectic life, they want to know that they are doing it correctly. At the same time, I'd want to underline that any exercise is preferable than none! Some persons are unable to exercise at high intensity due to other health issues, in which case other options should be explored."

The four investigations, which included patients with either acute coronary syndrome or angina pectoris, validated prior results that high-intensity exercise is safe, even for CHD patients. It will be intriguing to observe if these findings hold true for healthy persons as well as those with more serious cardiac disease, according to Moholdt.

Changes in VO2max, or peak oxygen consumption, were utilized by the researchers to assess the efficiency of the various exercise regimens. The trial participants (n=112) were all above the age of 18 and had coronary heart disease.

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Folk Artist

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It seems like high intensity training is good for age - related illnesses like diabetes and heart disease as well. There are studies showing today that bursts of high - intensity activity can get your heart and lungs just as fit, but in less time than traditional activity that you usually give your lungs and heart.
 
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